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中共(gong)(gong)中央辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting) 國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)印發《關(guan)于劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)干(gan)(gan)意見》 2017-02-08 中共(gong)(gong)中央辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting) 國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)印發《關(guan)于劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)干(gan)(gan)意見》 近(jin)日，中共(gong)(gong)中央辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)印發了(le)《關(guan)于劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)干(gan)(gan)意見》，并發出通知，要(yao)求各地(di)區(qu)(qu)各部門結(jie)合實(shi)際(ji)認真貫徹(che)落實(shi)。 《關(guan)于劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)干(gan)(gan)意見》全(quan)(quan)文(wen)如下。 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)是指具有(you)(you)自然(ran)屬性(xing)、以提(ti)(ti)供生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)服務(wu)或生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)產品為主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間(jian)，包括森(sen)林、草原、濕地(di)、河流(liu)、湖泊(bo)、灘涂、岸線(xian)、海(hai)洋、荒(huang)地(di)、荒(huang)漠(mo)、戈(ge)壁(bi)、冰川、高(gao)山(shan)凍(dong)原、無居民海(hai)島等(deng)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)是指在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)范圍內(nei)具有(you)(you)特殊重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)、必(bi)須強制(zhi)性(xing)嚴(yan)(yan)格保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，是保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障和(he)維護(hu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)底線(xian)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)線(xian)，通常包括具有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)水(shui)源(yuan)涵養、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多(duo)樣性(xing)維護(hu)、水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持、防風固(gu)沙、海(hai)岸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)穩定(ding)(ding)等(deng)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，以及水(shui)土(tu)流(liu)失、土(tu)地(di)沙化(hua)、石(shi)漠(mo)化(hua)、鹽漬化(hua)等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)敏感脆(cui)弱區(qu)(qu)域(yu)。黨中央、國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)高(gao)度重(zhong)(zhong)視生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)，作出一系(xi)列重(zhong)(zhong)大決策部署(shu)，推(tui)動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)工作取得明(ming)顯進展。但是，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)總體(ti)仍(reng)比較(jiao)脆(cui)弱，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)全(quan)(quan)形(xing)勢(shi)十分嚴(yan)(yan)峻。劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)，是貫徹(che)落實(shi)主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)制(zhi)度、實(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)用(yong)途管制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)舉措，是提(ti)(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)產品供給能(neng)力和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統服務(wu)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)、構建國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)全(quan)(quan)格局的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)效(xiao)手段(duan)，是健全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)制(zhi)度體(ti)系(xi)、推(tui)動綠色發展的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)力保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障。現就劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)提(ti)(ti)出以下意見。
一、總體要求
（一）指導思(si)想。全(quan)面(mian)貫徹黨的十八大和(he)十八屆(jie)三中(zhong)、四中(zhong)、五中(zhong)、六(liu)中(zhong)全(quan)會精(jing)神(shen)，深入貫徹習近平總書記(ji)系列重要(yao)(yao)講話精(jing)神(shen)和(he)治國理政新理念新思(si)想新戰略，緊緊圍繞統(tong)籌推進“五位一體”總體布局和(he)協調(diao)推進“四個全(quan)面(mian)”戰略布局，牢固樹立新發展(zhan)理念，認真落實黨中(zhong)央、國務院決策部(bu)署，以改善生態(tai)環境質量(liang)為核心，以保(bao)障和(he)維(wei)護生態(tai)功能為主(zhu)線(xian)，按照山水林田湖系統(tong)保(bao)護的要(yao)(yao)求，劃定(ding)并嚴守生態(tai)保(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)，實現(xian)一條紅(hong)線(xian)管控(kong)重要(yao)(yao)生態(tai)空間，確保(bao)生態(tai)功能不(bu)降低、面(mian)積不(bu)減少、性質不(bu)改變，維(wei)護國家生態(tai)安全(quan)，促進經濟社(she)會可(ke)持續發展(zhan)。
（二）基本原(yuan)則 ——科學(xue)劃(hua)定，切實落地。落實環境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)等相(xiang)關法(fa)律法(fa)規，統籌(chou)考慮自然生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)整體性(xing)和系統性(xing)，開展科學(xue)評(ping)估，按生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功能重要性(xing)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)敏感(gan)性(xing)與(yu)脆弱性(xing)劃(hua)定生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)，并落實到國(guo)土空(kong)間(jian)，系統構建國(guo)家生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安全(quan)格局。 ——堅(jian)守底線(xian)，嚴(yan)格保(bao)護(hu)(hu)。牢固(gu)樹(shu)立底線(xian)意識，將(jiang)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)作為編制空(kong)間(jian)規劃(hua)的基礎。強(qiang)化用(yong)途(tu)(tu)管制，嚴(yan)禁任(ren)意改變用(yong)途(tu)(tu)，杜絕不(bu)合(he)理(li)開發建設活(huo)動對生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)的破壞(huai)。 ——部(bu)門協(xie)調，上(shang)下聯動。加強(qiang)部(bu)門間(jian)溝通協(xie)調，國(guo)家層面做(zuo)好頂層設計，出(chu)臺技術規范和政(zheng)策措施，地方(fang)黨(dang)委和政(zheng)府(fu)落實劃(hua)定并嚴(yan)守生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)的主體責任(ren)，上(shang)下聯動、形成合(he)力，確保(bao)劃(hua)得(de)實、守得(de)住。
（三）總體(ti)目(mu)標(biao)。2017年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前(qian)，京津(jin)冀區域、長江經(jing)濟帶沿(yan)線(xian)各(ge)省（直(zhi)轄(xia)市）劃(hua)定生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)；2018年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前(qian)，其(qi)他(ta)省（自治區、直(zhi)轄(xia)市）劃(hua)定生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)；2020年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底前(qian)，全(quan)面(mian)完成(cheng)全(quan)國生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)劃(hua)定，勘(kan)界定標(biao)，基(ji)本(ben)建立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)制度，國土生(sheng)(sheng)態空間得到優(you)化和有(you)效保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，生(sheng)(sheng)態功(gong)能保(bao)(bao)持(chi)穩定，國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態安全(quan)格局更加完善。到2030年(nian)(nian)，生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)布局進一步優(you)化，生(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)線(xian)制度有(you)效實施(shi)，生(sheng)(sheng)態功(gong)能顯著提(ti)升，國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態安全(quan)得到全(quan)面(mian)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。
二、劃定生態保(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian) 依托“兩屏三帶”為主體的陸地生態安全格局(ju)和(he)“一帶一鏈多點”的海洋(yang)生態安全格局(ju)，采取國家指(zhi)導、地方組織(zhi)，自(zi)上(shang)而下(xia)和(he)自(zi)下(xia)而上(shang)相結(jie)合，科(ke)學劃定生態保(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)。
（四）明確(que)劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)范(fan)圍。環境保護部、國(guo)家發展(zhan)改革委(wei)會同有(you)關(guan)部門，于2017年6月底前制定(ding)(ding)并發布生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護紅(hong)線劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)技術規范(fan)，明確(que)水源涵養、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性維護、水土保持、防風固沙(sha)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能重(zhong)要區域(yu)(yu)(yu)，以及(ji)(ji)水土流失、土地沙(sha)化(hua)、石漠化(hua)、鹽(yan)漬化(hua)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境敏感脆弱(ruo)區域(yu)(yu)(yu)的評價方(fang)法，識(shi)別(bie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能重(zhong)要區域(yu)(yu)(yu)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境敏感脆弱(ruo)區域(yu)(yu)(yu)的空(kong)間分(fen)布。將上述(shu)兩類區域(yu)(yu)(yu)進行空(kong)間疊(die)加(jia)，劃(hua)入生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護紅(hong)線，涵蓋(gai)所有(you)國(guo)家級、省級禁止開發區域(yu)(yu)(yu)，以及(ji)(ji)有(you)必要嚴格保護的其他各類保護地等。
（五）落(luo)實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)(xian)(xian)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)。按照保護(hu)(hu)需要(yao)和開發利用現狀，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)結合以下幾類界(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)(xian)(xian)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)落(luo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)：自然(ran)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是依據地(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌或生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)完整性確(que)定的(de)(de)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)，如林線(xian)(xian)(xian)、雪線(xian)(xian)(xian)、流域分(fen)(fen)界(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，以及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)分(fen)(fen)布界(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)；自然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)區、風景名勝區等(deng)(deng)各(ge)類保護(hu)(hu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)；江河、湖(hu)庫，以及(ji)海岸(an)等(deng)(deng)向陸域（或向海）延伸一定距離的(de)(de)邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)；全國(guo)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)調查(cha)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)理國(guo)情(qing)普(pu)查(cha)等(deng)(deng)明確(que)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)。將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)(xian)(xian)落(luo)實到地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊，明確(que)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系統(tong)類型(xing)、主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功能(neng)，通過自然(ran)資源統(tong)一確(que)權(quan)登(deng)記明確(que)用地(di)(di)(di)(di)性質與土地(di)(di)(di)(di)權(quan)屬，形成(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)(xian)(xian)全國(guo)“一張圖”。在勘界(jie)(jie)(jie)基礎上(shang)設立統(tong)一規(gui)范的(de)(de)標識標牌，確(que)保生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)(xian)(xian)落(luo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)準確(que)、邊(bian)界(jie)(jie)(jie)清晰。
（六）有(you)(you)(you)序推進劃(hua)定工(gong)作。環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)部(bu)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)發展(zhan)(zhan)改革(ge)(ge)委(wei)(wei)會同(tong)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)提出各(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)空(kong)間格局和(he)分布意見，做好(hao)(hao)跨省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)域的銜(xian)接(jie)與協調，指導各(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)劃(hua)定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；明確(que)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的濕地(di)、草原、森林等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統數(shu)量，并(bing)(bing)與生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全(quan)(quan)預警(jing)監測體系做好(hao)(hao)銜(xian)接(jie)。各(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)）要按照相關(guan)(guan)要求，建立劃(hua)定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)責任(ren)制和(he)協調機制，明確(que)責任(ren)部(bu)門(men)，組織專門(men)力(li)量，制定工(gong)作方(fang)案，全(quan)(quan)面論證、廣泛征求意見，有(you)(you)(you)序推進劃(hua)定工(gong)作，形成生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)部(bu)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)發展(zhan)(zhan)改革(ge)(ge)委(wei)(wei)會同(tong)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)組織對各(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進行(xing)技術(shu)審核(he)并(bing)(bing)提出意見，報國(guo)(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)批準后由各(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)）政(zheng)府發布實施。在各(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直(zhi)(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)基礎上(shang)，環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)部(bu)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)發展(zhan)(zhan)改革(ge)(ge)委(wei)(wei)會同(tong)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)進行(xing)銜(xian)接(jie)、匯總(zong)，形成全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，并(bing)(bing)向(xiang)社會發布。鑒于海洋國(guo)(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間的特殊性(xing)(xing)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)海洋局根據本(ben)意見制定相關(guan)(guan)技術(shu)規范，組織劃(hua)定并(bing)(bing)審核(he)海洋國(guo)(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)間的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，納(na)入全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。 三、嚴守生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian) 落(luo)實地(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)黨委(wei)(wei)和(he)政(zheng)府主體責任(ren)，強化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)剛性(xing)(xing)約束，形成一整套生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管控和(he)激勵措施。
（七）明確屬地管理(li)(li)責任(ren)(ren)。地方各(ge)(ge)級黨委(wei)和(he)政府是(shi)嚴(yan)守(shou)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)線的(de)責任(ren)(ren)主(zhu)體，要將生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)線作為相(xiang)關綜(zong)合(he)決策的(de)重要依據和(he)前(qian)提(ti)條(tiao)件，履行好保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)責任(ren)(ren)。各(ge)(ge)有關部門要按(an)照職責分工，加強監督管理(li)(li)，做好指導協調、日(ri)常巡護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)執(zhi)法(fa)監督，共守(shou)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)線。建立目(mu)標責任(ren)(ren)制，把保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)目(mu)標、任(ren)(ren)務和(he)要求(qiu)層層分解，落到實處。創新激勵約束(shu)機制，對(dui)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)線保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)成(cheng)效(xiao)突(tu)出的(de)單位和(he)個人(ren)予(yu)以(yi)獎(jiang)勵；對(dui)造(zao)成(cheng)破壞的(de)，依法(fa)依規予(yu)以(yi)嚴(yan)肅處理(li)(li)。根據需(xu)要設置生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)線管護(hu)(hu)(hu)崗位，提(ti)高居民參與生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)積(ji)極性。
（八）確(que)立生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)優先地位。生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)劃定后，相關規劃要(yao)(yao)符合生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)空間管控要(yao)(yao)求，不符合的(de)要(yao)(yao)及時進行(xing)調(diao)整。空間規劃編制(zhi)要(yao)(yao)將生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)作為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)基礎，發揮生(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)對于國土空間開發的(de)底線(xian)作用。
（九）實行(xing)嚴(yan)格管控(kong)。生態保(bao)(bao)護紅線原(yuan)則上按禁(jin)(jin)止開(kai)(kai)發(fa)區域(yu)的(de)要求進(jin)行(xing)管理。嚴(yan)禁(jin)(jin)不符合主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)能定位的(de)各類開(kai)(kai)發(fa)活(huo)動，嚴(yan)禁(jin)(jin)任意(yi)改(gai)變(bian)用途。生態保(bao)(bao)護紅線劃定后，只能增加、不能減少，因國(guo)家(jia)重大基(ji)礎設施、重大民生保(bao)(bao)障項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)設等需要調(diao)整(zheng)的(de)，由省級政府(fu)組織論(lun)證(zheng)，提出調(diao)整(zheng)方案，經環境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護部、國(guo)家(jia)發(fa)展改(gai)革委(wei)會同有關部門提出審核(he)意(yi)見后，報國(guo)務院(yuan)批(pi)準。因國(guo)家(jia)重大戰略資(zi)源(yuan)勘(kan)查需要，在不影響主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)能定位的(de)前提下，經依法批(pi)準后予以安排(pai)勘(kan)查項(xiang)目(mu)。
（十(shi)）加大(da)(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)補(bu)償力度(du)。財(cai)政部會(hui)同(tong)有(you)關部門加大(da)(da)對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)紅線(xian)的支持力度(du)，加快健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)補(bu)償制度(du)，完善國家重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態功能區轉(zhuan)移支付(fu)政策。推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)紅線(xian)所在地區和受益(yi)地區探(tan)索建立(li)橫向(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)補(bu)償機制，共同(tong)分擔生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保護(hu)任務。
（十一）加(jia)強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)。實施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)，作為(wei)山水林田(tian)湖生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程的(de)(de)重(zhong)要內(nei)容。以(yi)縣級行政區(qu)為(wei)基本單元建(jian)立生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)臺賬(zhang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)，制定實施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)方案。優先保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)良好生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)和(he)重(zhong)要物(wu)種棲息(xi)地，建(jian)立和(he)完善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)廊道，提高生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)完整性和(he)連通性。分(fen)區(qu)分(fen)類(lei)開(kai)展(zhan)受損(sun)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)，采取以(yi)封禁為(wei)主的(de)(de)自然(ran)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)措施(shi)，輔(fu)以(yi)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)，改(gai)善(shan)和(he)提升生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功能。選擇水源涵(han)養和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多樣性維護(hu)(hu)(hu)為(wei)主導生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)功能的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)，開(kai)展(zhan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)示(shi)范(fan)。有條件的(de)(de)地區(qu)，可逐步推(tui)進生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)移民，有序推(tui)動人(ren)(ren)口適(shi)度集(ji)中(zhong)安(an)置，降低人(ren)(ren)類(lei)活動強(qiang)度，減小生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)壓力。按照陸海(hai)(hai)統(tong)籌、綜合治理的(de)(de)原則，開(kai)展(zhan)海(hai)(hai)洋國土(tu)空間(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)整治修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)，切(qie)實強(qiang)化生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)及(ji)周邊(bian)區(qu)域污染聯防聯治，重(zhong)點(dian)加(jia)強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)內(nei)入海(hai)(hai)河流綜合整治。
（十二）建立監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)絡(luo)和(he)(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)平(ping)臺(tai)。環境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護部(bu)、國家(jia)發(fa)展改(gai)革委、國土資(zi)源部(bu)會同有關部(bu)門建設和(he)(he)完善生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)綜合監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)網(wang)絡(luo)體系(xi)，充分(fen)(fen)發(fa)揮地面(mian)(mian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統、環境(jing)、氣象、水(shui)文水(shui)資(zi)源、水(shui)土保(bao)(bao)持、海洋等監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)站(zhan)點和(he)(he)衛(wei)星的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)能(neng)力(li)，布設相對固定(ding)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控點位，及時(shi)獲(huo)取(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)。建立國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)平(ping)臺(tai)。依(yi)(yi)托國務院(yuan)有關部(bu)門生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)平(ping)臺(tai)和(he)(he)大(da)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，運用云計算、物聯網(wang)等信息化(hua)手(shou)段，加強(qiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)集成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)析和(he)(he)綜合應(ying)用，強(qiang)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)氣象災害監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)預警能(neng)力(li)建設，全面(mian)(mian)掌握生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統構成(cheng)、分(fen)(fen)布與(yu)動態(tai)(tai)(tai)變化(hua)，及時(shi)評估和(he)(he)預警生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)風(feng)險，提高生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)決策科(ke)學化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)。實時(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控人(ren)類干擾(rao)活動，及時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)破壞生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)的(de)行(xing)為(wei)，對監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)控發(fa)現(xian)的(de)問題，通報當地政(zheng)府，由有關部(bu)門依(yi)(yi)據(ju)各(ge)自(zi)職能(neng)組(zu)織開展現(xian)場核(he)查(cha)，依(yi)(yi)法依(yi)(yi)規進行(xing)處(chu)理(li)。2017年(nian)年(nian)底前完成(cheng)國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)平(ping)臺(tai)試(shi)運行(xing)。各(ge)省（自(zi)治(zhi)區、直(zhi)轄市(shi)）應(ying)依(yi)(yi)托國家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)平(ping)臺(tai)，加強(qiang)能(neng)力(li)建設，建立本(ben)行(xing)政(zheng)區監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)體系(xi)，實施(shi)分(fen)(fen)層級(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)，及時(shi)接收和(he)(he)反饋信息，核(he)查(cha)和(he)(he)處(chu)理(li)違法行(xing)為(wei)。
（十三）開(kai)展(zhan)定期評(ping)價(jia)。環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)部、國家發(fa)展(zhan)改革(ge)委會(hui)同有關(guan)部門(men)建立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)評(ping)價(jia)機(ji)制。從生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統格局(ju)、質量和(he)功能等方面，建立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能評(ping)價(jia)指標(biao)體系和(he)方法(fa)。定期組(zu)織開(kai)展(zhan)評(ping)價(jia)，及時(shi)掌握全國、重點區域、縣域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能狀(zhuang)況及動態(tai)(tai)變化，評(ping)價(jia)結(jie)果作為優(you)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)(xian)布(bu)局(ju)、安(an)排縣域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)補償資金和(he)實行領導干部生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)損害責任追究的依據，并(bing)向(xiang)社會(hui)公布(bu)。
（十四）強(qiang)化執(zhi)法(fa)監督(du)。各級環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)部門(men)和(he)有(you)關(guan)部門(men)要按(an)照職(zhi)責分工(gong)加(jia)強(qiang)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)執(zhi)法(fa)監督(du)。建立(li)生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)常態化執(zhi)法(fa)機(ji)制，定期(qi)開展執(zhi)法(fa)督(du)查(cha)(cha)，不(bu)斷(duan)提高執(zhi)法(fa)規范化水平。及(ji)時發現和(he)依法(fa)處罰破壞生態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)的(de)違法(fa)行為，切實做到有(you)案必查(cha)(cha)、違法(fa)必究(jiu)。有(you)關(guan)部門(men)要加(jia)強(qiang)與司法(fa)機(ji)關(guan)的(de)溝通協調，健(jian)全行政執(zhi)法(fa)與刑事司法(fa)聯動機(ji)制。
（十(shi)五(wu)）建立考(kao)核機制。環境保護(hu)部、國家發展改革委(wei)(wei)會同有關部門(men)，根據評(ping)價(jia)結果和(he)目(mu)標任務完(wan)成(cheng)情況，對各省（自治區、直(zhi)轄市）黨委(wei)(wei)和(he)政(zheng)府開展生態保護(hu)紅線保護(hu)成(cheng)效考(kao)核，并將(jiang)考(kao)核結果納入生態文(wen)明建設目(mu)標評(ping)價(jia)考(kao)核體系，作為黨政(zheng)領(ling)導(dao)班子和(he)領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部綜合(he)評(ping)價(jia)及責(ze)任追究、離(li)任審(shen)計(ji)的重要參考(kao)。
（十六）嚴(yan)(yan)格責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)追究(jiu)。對違反生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)管(guan)控(kong)要(yao)求(qiu)、造成生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)破壞的部(bu)門、地方(fang)、單(dan)位(wei)和(he)有關責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)人員，按照有關法律法規和(he)《黨政領導干部(bu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)損(sun)害責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)追究(jiu)辦法（試行(xing)）》等規定(ding)實行(xing)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)追究(jiu)。對推動生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)工作不(bu)力(li)的，區分情(qing)節輕重，予以誡勉(mian)、責(ze)(ze)令(ling)公開道歉(qian)、組(zu)織(zhi)處理或(huo)(huo)黨紀(ji)政紀(ji)處分，構成犯罪的依法追究(jiu)刑事責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。對造成生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)和(he)資源嚴(yan)(yan)重破壞的，要(yao)實行(xing)終(zhong)身追責(ze)(ze)，責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)人不(bu)論是否(fou)已調(diao)離、提拔(ba)或(huo)(huo)者退休，都必須嚴(yan)(yan)格追責(ze)(ze)。 四、強化組(zu)織(zhi)保(bao)障 （十七）加強組(zu)織(zhi)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)。建立由環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)部(bu)、國(guo)家(jia)發展改(gai)革(ge)委牽頭的生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)管(guan)理協(xie)(xie)調(diao)機制，明(ming)確地方(fang)和(he)部(bu)門責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。各地要(yao)加強組(zu)織(zhi)協(xie)(xie)調(diao)，強化監督執行(xing)，形(xing)成加快劃定(ding)并嚴(yan)(yan)守生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)(hong)線(xian)的工作格局。
（十八）完善政策(ce)機制(zhi)(zhi)。加(jia)快制(zhi)(zhi)定有(you)利于(yu)提升和保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能的土地、產業、投(tou)資(zi)(zi)等配套政策(ce)。推動生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)有(you)關(guan)立法，各地要因地制(zhi)(zhi)宜(yi)，出臺相應的生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線(xian)管理地方性法規。研究(jiu)市場化(hua)、社會化(hua)投(tou)融資(zi)(zi)機制(zhi)(zhi)，多(duo)渠道(dao)籌(chou)集保(bao)(bao)護資(zi)(zi)金(jin)，發揮資(zi)(zi)金(jin)合力。
（十(shi)九(jiu)）促進共同保(bao)(bao)護。環(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護部、國家發展改革委會同有關部門定(ding)期發布生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線監控、評價、處(chu)罰和考核信(xin)息，各地及(ji)時(shi)準(zhun)確(que)發布生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線分(fen)布、調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)、保(bao)(bao)護狀況等(deng)信(xin)息，保(bao)(bao)障公眾知(zhi)情權、參(can)與(yu)權和監督權。加大政策宣傳力度，發揮媒體(ti)、公益組織(zhi)和志愿者作用，暢(chang)通(tong)監督舉報渠道。 本意(yi)見(jian)實施后，其他有關生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線的(de)政策規定(ding)要按(an)照(zhao)本意(yi)見(jian)要求(qiu)進行調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)或廢止。各地要抓(zhua)緊制定(ding)實施方(fang)案，明(ming)確(que)目標(biao)任務、責(ze)任分(fen)工(gong)和時(shi)間要求(qiu)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)各項(xiang)要求(qiu)落到實處(chu)。
